Which term refers to non-physical instructions and programs that allow a computer to function?

The term that refers to non-physical instructions and programs that allow a computer to function is "Software." Software encompasses all types of programs and applications that run on a computer and carry out specific tasks, from operating systems to individual applications. It is critical for telling the hardware what to do and how to process information.

Software can be broadly categorized into various types, including application software (like word processors, web browsers) and system software (which includes the operating system). While system software is essential for managing hardware resources, it is still part of the larger category of software.

The distinction of software lies in its non-physical nature; it is intangible, unlike hardware, which consists of the physical components of a computer system. This fundamental understanding reinforces the concept that software is essential for computer functionality, operating independently of the physical devices that execute it.